• Langue : Anglais
• Discipline : Sciences de gestion
• Identifiant : 2025ULILA007
• Type de thèse : Doctorat
• Date de soutenance : 26/08/2025

Résumé en langue originale

This thesis adopts an article-based format and includes three autonomous but interconnected academic studies. They analyze the decisions of firms in a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC), focusing on the competitive and cooperative interactions between original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and independent remanufacturers, including third-party remanufacturers (TPRs) and multinational remanufacturers (MNRs).The first study explores production and coopetition strategies in a remanufacturing system influenced by knowledge spillovers. A TPR remanufactures used products from an OEM, with or without authorization. It can also produce new competing products. Two types of spin-offs are identified: the general spin-offs from the remanufacturing process, and the innovation spin-offs related to the authorisation. These spin-offs allow the TPR to produce or improve its products. The study analyzes how these effects influence the choices of the two companies.The second study examines the impact of environmental policies—emissions taxes and waste regulations—on the management of used products and production strategies. The OEM can either pay the taxes or outsource the management to the TPR. The latter recovers the products by remanufacturing or recovering materials, which it can reuse to produce new goods. The study identifies the conditions that encourage the TPR to remanufacture or produce, and the OEM to outsource this management, especially if the introduction of new products by the TPR influences this decision.The third study focuses on a global CLSC involving a local OEM and an MNR. The OEM focuses on new products but may enter the remanufacturing market in response to environmental taxes and incentives. The MNR chooses between exporting its remanufactured products (with customs duties) or creating a local remanufacturing centre (with incentives). Technological benefits emerge when these decisions are implemented. The study assesses how public policies (taxes, incentives, tariffs) and spillovers influence decisions about the location of the MNR and the entry of the OEM into remanufacturing.Together, these studies form an integrated framework for understanding production, remanufacturing, and coopetition decisions in an environment characterized by knowledge spillovers, competition, and policy interventions. They provide theoretical contributions and useful recommendations for companies and public decision-makers.

Résumé traduit

This dissertation adopts an article-based format and consists of three interrelated but self-contained academic studies. All three studies examine firm-level decisions in a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) by focusing on the competitive and/or cooperative interactions between original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and independent remanufacturers, including third-party remanufacturers (TPRs) and multinational remanufacturers (MNRs).Study 1 investigates production and coopetition strategies in a remanufacturing system where knowledge spillovers significantly influence firms' strategic decisions. In the remanufacturing system considered, a TPR (she) can either remanufacture used products from an OEM (he) without authorization (competition scenario) or with the OEM's authorization (coopetition scenario), while the OEM focuses on new product production. The study identifies two types of knowledge spillovers: (i) general spillovers, which arise during the remanufacturing process; and (ii) innovation spillovers, which occur when the OEM grants the TPR remanufacturing authorization. General knowledge spillovers enable the TPR to engage in new product production, while innovation spillovers help the TPR improve her new and remanufactured products. The objective of this study is to examine how knowledge spillovers influence the two firms' decisions on new product production, remanufacturing, and coopetition.Study 2 examines how environmental policies — emission taxes and waste management regulations — shape firms' decisions on used product management and production strategies in CLSCs. In the CLSC considered, the OEM can either pay waste management taxes for products he produces or outsource used product management to the TPR. The TPR recovers value from these used products by remanufacturing them and/or recovering materials; she also reuses recovered materials to produce new products. This study aims to provide decision-making support for (i) the OEM in deciding whether or not to outsource used product management; (ii) the TPR's in determining used product recovery strategies and whether or not to reuse recovered materials to produce new products.Study 3 extends the analysis to a global supply chain. The supply chain under consideration includes a local OEM (he) and an MNR (she). The local OEM, based in the domestic market, focuses on new product production and considers entering the remanufacturing market in response to environmental taxes on new products and remanufacturing incentives. The MNR evaluates two market entry strategies: exporting remanufactured products to the domestic market, incurring tariffs, or establishing a local remanufacturing center, which would make her eligible for remanufacturing incentives. Technology spillovers occur when the MNR establishes a local remanufacturing center and when the local OEM engages in remanufacturing. This study aims to investigate the OEM's remanufacturing decisions and the MNR's location strategies under different policy interventions including environmental taxes, tariffs, and remanufacturing incentivesTogether, these three studies form an integrated research framework that examines how firms in CLSCs make decisions regarding production, remanufacturing, and coopetition in the presence of knowledge and technology spillovers, market competition, and policy interventions. This integrated approach enhances theoretical understanding of strategic interactions in CLSCs and offers practical guidance for industry practitioners and policymakers.