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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Glycan-Based Interactions of Infectious Hypodermal and Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHHNV) with Host Tissues</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">aInteractions glycaniques du virus de la nécrose hypodermique et hématopoïétique infectieuse (IHHNV) avec les tissus hôtes</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cellules d'insecte</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Glycannes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Penaeus vannamei</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Nécrose hypodermique et hématopoïétique infectieuse</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Insect cells</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Glycans</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Infection</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Densovirus</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Penaeus vannamei</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Receptor</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="032851677" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Infections à parvoviridés</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L'aquaculture de la crevette est limitée par les maladies virales, notamment le virus de la nécrose hypodermique et hématopoïétique (IHHNV), responsable d'un syndrome de nanisme chez Penaeus vannamei. Cette thèse évalue l'hypothèse d'un attachement viral médié par les glycannes en utilisant des particules de type viral non infectieuses (VLP d'IHHNV) comme sonde fonctionnelle. En combinant des approches orthogonales—marquage en entier chez les post-larves, ELISA sur extraits tissulaires (branchies, muscle, hépatopancréas), Far-Western, histochimie et ELISA à la lectine, perturbations enzymatiques/chimiques des glycannes (PNGase F, α-mannosidase, α-fucosidase, périodate) et glycomique MALDI-MS(/MS)—les résultats montrent un tropisme et une liaison préférentiels aux branchies et au muscle, avec une dépendance mécanistique envers des motifs riches en mannose, en fucose et en GlcNAc. Le blocage par ConA, AAL et WGA diminue la liaison, tandis que UEA-I et SNA-I ont peu d'effet, conformément aux profils glycomiques (N-glycannes oligomannosiques à fucosylation centrale ; O-glycannes fucosylés dans les branchies). Les bandes Far-Western (~30-150 kDa) suggèrent plusieurs glycoprotéines hôtes comme cofacteurs d'attachement, cohérent avec des interactions capside-glycannes de faible affinité mais forte avidité. Ces résultats fondent des stratégies de contrôle ciblant les glycannes en écloserie—oligosaccharides leurres ou polysaccharides sulfatés marins, bloqueurs sûrs de type lectine, diagnostics par capture VLP—et ouvrent la voie à l'identification des ligands et à des validations in vivo pour réduire l'impact de l'IHHNV en aquaculture.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Shrimp aquaculture is constrained by viral diseases, including infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV), which causes runt deformity syndrome in Penaeus vannamei. This thesis investigates whether IHHNV uses host glycans for attachment and tissue targeting, using noninfectious virus-like particles (IHHNV-VLPs) as a functional probe. Across orthogonal assays—whole-mount binding in post-larvae, ELISA on tissue extracts (gill, muscle, hepatopancreas), Far-Western probing, lectin histochemistry and lectin-ELISA, enzymatic/chemical glycan perturbation (PNGase F, α-mannosidase, α-fucosidase, periodate), and MALDI-MS(/MS) glycomics—the data consistently show preferential VLP binding to gill and muscle and a mechanistic dependence on high-mannose, fucose-containing and GlcNAc-rich glycans. Lectin blockade with ConA, AAL and WGA reduces binding, while UEA-I and SNA-I have little effect, in line with glycomic profiles (oligomannose-dominated N-glycans with core fucosylation; fucosylated O-glycans in gill). Far-Western bands spanning ~30-150 kDa suggest multiple host glycoproteins act as attachment cofactors, consistent with low-affinity/high-avidity capsid-glycan interactions. These findings provide a mechanistic basis for glycan-focused interventions in hatcheries—decoy oligosaccharides or marine sulfated polysaccharides, safe lectin-based blockers, and VLP-capture diagnostics—and a framework for future ligand identification and in vivo validation to mitigate IHHNV impact in shrimp farming.</dcterms:abstract>
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