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<dc:title xml:lang="pt">Uma república feliz entre os Guarani. O platonismo entre a Europa e a América (século XVIII)</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">A happy republic among the Guaranis. Platonism between Europe and America (17th-18th century)</dcterms:alternative>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">Une république heureuse parmi les Guarani. Le platonisme entre Europe et Amérique (XVIIe-XVIIIe siècle)</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Paraguay</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Guarani</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Platon</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Jésuites</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Paraguay</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Guarani</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Platon</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La Dispute du Nouveau Monde a excité les cercles lettrés européens au 18ème siècle. Cette controverse a mis dans l'ordre du jour le problème de la conquête de l'Amérique. Les jésuites étaient au centre de cette dispute, puisque la Compagnie de Jésus était accusée d'avoir été l'une des causes du retard américain. En conséquence, de nombreux religieux ont commencé à écrire des relations sur les terres américaines et sur le travail évangélique qu'ils y ont accompli. Certains de ces religieux, notamment les jésuites, vont mobiliser des thèmes récurrents de l'Utopie de Thomas More, car les discours utopiques sont alors très en vogue. On peut dire que des utilisations plus originales de ces thèmes ont été entreprises par José Manuel Peramás, un jésuite de la province du Paraguay, exilé en Italie en 1763, qui a comparé les missions jésuites à la République de Platon. L'historiographie, en général, considérait l'œuvre de Peramás et quelques autres textes similaires, notamment ceux de Ludovico Antonio Muratori et de Pierre François Xavier de Charlevoix, comme « utopiques ». Le régime rhétorique de production des discours, encore en vigueur au XVIIIe siècle, n'a pas été suffisamment considéré dans ces études. Ainsi, l'île de l'utopie a été « découverte » en Amérique, sans prêter attention à la logique qui commandait la production et la circulation de ces discours. L'objectif principal de cette recherche est de revenir aux textes du XVIIIe siècle sur les réductions du Paraguay et de les réinsérer dans leur contexte de production et de réception. De plus, il cherche à reconstituer un réseau de savants constitué au XVIIIe siècle, dont l'objectif principal était de défendre l'entreprise missionnaire jésuite dans la province du Paraguay.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The so-called Dispute of the New World excited European literate circles in the 18th century. This controversy updated topics referring to the problem of the Conquest of America. The Jesuits were at the center of this dispute, since the Society of Jesus was accused of having been one of the causes of American backwardness. As a result, many religious began to write apologetic texts about American lands and the evangelical work they have done there. Some of these religious, particularly Jesuits, mobilized recurring topics from Thomas More's Utopia, since utopian discourses were very much in vogue at that time. It can be said that more original uses of these topics were undertaken by José Manuel Peramás, a Jesuit from the province of Paraguay, exiled in Italy in 1763, who compared the Jesuit missions to Plato's Republic. Historiography, in general, considered the work of Peramás and some other similar texts, especially those of Ludovico Antonio Muratori and Pierre François Xavier de Charlevoix, "utopian" ones. The rhetorical regime of production of discourses, still in force in the 18th century, was not taken into account in such studies. Thus, the island of utopia was "discovered" in America, without paying attention to the logic that commanded the production and circulation of these discourses. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to return to the 18th century texts on the reductions of Paraguay and to reinsert them in their context of production and reception. Moreover, it seeks to reconstitute a network of scholars constituted in the 18th century, whose main objective was to defend the Jesuit missionary enterprise in the province of Paraguay.</dcterms:abstract>
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