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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Etude des mécanismes d'encodage, de mémorisation et d'apprentissage lexical chez les enfants présentant des troubles développementaux du langage oral via le paradigme du monde visuel</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Study of encoding, memorization and lexical learning processes in children suffering from specific language impairment through visual world paradigm</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Troubles spécifiques du langage oral</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Mémoire à court terme</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Apprentissage de mots</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Paradigme du monde visuel</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Reconnaissance de mots parlés</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Paradigme d’appariement rapide</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Specific language impairment</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Verbal short term memory</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Word learning</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Visual world paradigm</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Spoken word recognition</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Fast mapping paradigm</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027430146" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Troubles du langage -- Chez l'enfant</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Chez les enfants souffrant de troubles spécifiques du langage oral (TSLO), des déficits demémoire à court terme verbale et d’acquisition lexicale sont fréquemment décrits. Ces capacités sont évaluées par des tâches de répétition et plus généralement de production verbale, mettant en jeu demultiples composants susceptibles d’être altérés dans les TSLO. Dans ce contexte, l’objectif généralde cette thèse était l’examen de mécanismes de mémorisation verbale à l’aide du paradigme dumonde visuel. L’oculométrie consiste à analyser les mouvements oculaires des participants sur desimages, à la suite de stimulations verbales. La reconnaissance et la mémorisation à court terme demots parlés familiers ont été examinées à travers quatre études, auxquelles les participants avec etsans TSLO âgés de 5 et 6 ans, ont obtenu des résultats comparables. Seules des différences enfonction de l’âge ont été révélées, reflétant les changements développementaux du traitement lexical.Dans un second temps, le paradigme d’appariement rapide pour l’acquisition de nouveaux mots(« fast mapping »), nécessitant peu de présentations, a été proposé à trois groupes d’enfants. Leurscapacités d’acquisition lexicale ont à nouveau été évaluées via le paradigme du monde visuel à unetâche de reconnaissance de mots parlés. Les groupes TSLO présentant des déficits en répétitionverbale, ont néanmoins reconnu et apparié les nouvelles étiquettes lexicales aux images référentes,comme leurs pairs au développement typique. Les études menées ont permis de mettre en évidenceque le maintien à court terme de l'information verbale ainsi que l’encodage de nouvelles informationssont efficients chez les enfants avec TSLO, lorsque la production verbale n’est pas sollicitée.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">In children suffering from specific language impairment (SLI), verbal short term memory disorders and lexical learning inability are frequently described. These skills are assessed through repetition tasks and more generally, with verbal output modality which variety of components can be impaired in SLI. In this context, the general aim of this research work was the examination of verbal memorization processes through visual world paradigm. This eye-tracking tasks consist in analyzing eye movements of participants on pictures, consecutively to verbal stimulations. Recognition and short term retention of familiar spoken words were investigated through four studies, in which participants aged 5 and 6, with and without SLI, shown similar patterns of result. Only age differences were revealed, suggesting developmental changing of lexical processing. In a second phase, the fast mapping word learning paradigm requiring few occurences of new words, was proposed to three groups of children. Their lexical learning abilities were again assessed within the visual world paradigm and a spoken word recognition task. SLI groups with poor performances in verbal repetition tasks, have nevertheless associated the new lexical label with referent picture, as their peers with typical development. These studies suggest that verbal information retention in short term memory and encoding of new information are efficient in SLI children, when the tasks do not require any verbal output.</dcterms:abstract>
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<tef:nom>Fleurion</tef:nom>
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