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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Autorégulation et hétérorégulation en situation d’apprentissage d’itinéraires chez des adolescents et des jeunes adultes présentant une déficience intellectuelle</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Self-regulation and other-regulation in route learning in teenagers and young adults with intellectual disability</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Autorégulation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Hétérorégulation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Wayfinding</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Déficience intellectuelle</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Environnement virtuel</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Self-Regulation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Other-Regulation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Wayfinding</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Intellectual disability</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L’objectif de cette thèse était d’analyser les difficultés de wayfinding de personnes présentant une déficience intellectuelle (DI) sous l’angle de l’autorégulation et de l’hétérorégulation. Pour cela, trois études utilisant une situation d’apprentissage d’itinéraires en environnement virtuel ont été menées. La première montre que les personnes présentant une DI ont un niveau d’autorégulation globale et de certaines stratégies autorégulatrices plus faible que les personnes au développement typique de même âge chronologique. Elles acquièrent la connaissance d’itinéraires après un apprentissage plus long et sont peu nombreuses à développer une connaissance de la configuration de l’environnement. La seconde étude, portant sur 19 dyades éducateurs-jeunes présentant une DI, révèle un ajustement entre l’hétérorégulation des éducateurs et l’autorégulation des jeunes. En outre, l’analyse des aides verbales données par les éducateurs montre qu’ils utilisent principalement des prescriptions d’actions associées ou non aux points de repère. L’impact de ces deux types d’aides a été testé dans la troisième étude montrant que les prescriptions d’actions associées aux points de repère favorisent l’apprentissage d’itinéraires chez les personnes présentant une DI et chez des enfants au développement typique de même niveau de développement intellectuel. Nos résultats semblent montrer que l’autorégulation, l’hétérorégulation et le wayfinding ne sont pas des processus indépendants. Toutefois, d’autres recherches sont nécessaires pour mieux définir la nature de leur relation. Enfin, plusieurs implications pratiques sont envisagées concernant l’autorégulation, les méthodes d’apprentissage des déplacements et les aides à la navigation.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The aim of this thesis was to analyse the wayfinding difficulties in individuals with intellectual disability (ID) from the angle of self-regulation and other-regulation. For this purpose, three experiments were conducted using route learning in virtual environments. The first study showed that people with ID had a lower level of global self-regulation and of some self-regulatory strategies than typically developing people of the same chronological age. They acquired route knowledge after a longer learning time and had difficulties in developing configurational knowledge of the environment. The second study, including 19 educators-teenagers with ID dyads, revealed an adjustment between educators’ regulation and teenagers’ self-regulation. Moreover, the analysis of the verbal aids given by the educators showed that they mainly used prescriptions of actions with or without reference to landmarks. The impact of these two types of aids was tested in the third study showing that prescriptions of actions with reference to landmarks promoted route learning in people with ID and typically developing children with the same level of intellectual development. Our results suggested that self-regulation, other-regulation and wayfinding are not independent processes. However, further research is needed to better define the nature of their relation. Several practical implications are envisaged concerning self-regulation, methods of teaching independent travel and navigational aids.</dcterms:abstract>
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