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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">L’application du règlement 1346/2000 relatif aux procédures d'insolvabilité aux groupes de sociétés : approches française et anglaise</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">English and French approaches on the application of the European Insolvency regulation to groups of companies</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Règlement (CE) 1346/2000</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Groupes de sociétés</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Droit comparé</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">France</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Angleterre</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Centre des intérêts principaux</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Forum shopping</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Révision</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Regulation (CE) 1346/2000</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Group of companies</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Comparative law</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">France</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">England</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Centre of main interests</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Forum shopping</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Reform</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Cette thèse a pour objectif de convaincre de la nécessité d’introduire des règles applicables aux groupes de sociétés au sein du règlement, et d’analyser, au moyen du droit comparé, les résistances que cette position impliquent et d’en tirer les conséquences qui lui sont attachées au regard de la sécurité juridique au sein de l’Union européenne. Alors que le texte prohibe - implicitement - l’application du règlement au groupe de sociétés, le juge anglais, inspiré par un certain pragmatisme, a très vite considéré que le renversement de la présomption en faveur du siège social statutaire des filiales permettrait la centralisation des procédures principales au sein d’un seul État membre pour le traitement unitaire des difficultés des groupes de sociétés (« la jurisprudence Daisytek »). La Cour de justice de l’Union européenne a dans son célèbre arrêt Eurofood tenté de limiter les interprétations extensives des critères de compétence dont les juridictions nationales s’étaient vite accommodées. Les jurisprudences nationales se sont ensuite diversifiées. Si certains juges ont accordé un poids déterminant à la présence d’une activité dans l’État membre sur le territoire duquel est situé le siège social statutaire des sociétés membres d’un groupe, d’autres juges ont tout simplement résisté à l’arrêt Eurofood. Examinant ensuite les propositions des institutions européennes visant à modifier le règlement 1346/2000, cette thèse souligne la volonté des autorités européennes d’insérer des règles applicables aux groupes de sociétés pour la mise en œuvre du règlement. Au terme de cette étude de droit comparé, des solutions sont proposées pour favoriser un traitement transfrontière efficace des difficultés au sein d’un groupe de société tout en garantissant la sécurité juridique des tiers au sein de l’Union européenne.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">On 12 December 2012, the European Commission published its proposals for the revision of the Insolvency Regulation which were followed by a draft Legislative Resolution from the European Parliament (20th December 2013). While these proposals’ main objective is to create a specific legal framework for corporate group insolvencies, this thesis aims to demonstrate that they are unlikely to achieve their goal because of the requirement of legal certainty requirement within the EU. Adopted on 29 May 2000, the Council Regulation (EC) No 1346/2000 on insolvency proceedings (the « Insolvency Regulation ») aims at establishing a uniform set of private international law rules on insolvency proceedings having cross-border effects within the EU. Since its entry into force (31 May 2002), its application by national courts has created debate, in particular with regard to its application to corporate groups. In order to maximise the value of groups’ assets or to achieve a global restructuration of groups, the national courts broadened the scope of the Insolvency Regulation by an extensive interpretation of the centre of main interest (« COMI ») criterion. In such a context, the Court of Justice of the European Union (« CJEU ») reinforced the rule that each legal entity should be treated separately (in its 2006 Eurofood case). However, the CJEU’s ruling did not solve the legal issues that national courts were facing when applying the Insolvency Regulation in respect of corporate groups insolvencies. In spite of the fact that the creation of rules for groups of companies has always raised complex legal (and political) issues, the European’s proposals constitute surely a solid basis for discussion and a great opportunity for European academics and practitioners to make their voices heard as well as to propose further amendments to the current Insolvency Regulation. This thesis aims to demonstrate that several issues are unresolved with regard to the whole structure of the revised Insolvency Regulation (e.g. no specific definition of COMI with regard to corporate groups) as well as with regard to the special regime introduced for corporate groups (e.g. no clear choice on the coordination system to be favoured for insolvent groups of companies).</dcterms:abstract>
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