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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Vir et Virtus dans la tradition poétique latine</dc:title>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">A la fin de la République et sous le Principat, la conformation du uir aux principales normes comportementales qui lui ont été transmises comme étant des critères définitoires de son genre se trouve fortement compromise par les mutations sociétales : tandis que l'idéal guerrier est contesté, il devient plus difficile aussi à la uirtus de se manifester dans la vie politique. Les textes poétiques permettent d'appréhender, dans la figuration insistante de la transgression des normes propres à informer l'identité masculine ainsi que dans les phénomènes génériques et esthétiques qui les affectent, la crise de la masculinité alors survenue à Rome, les mécanismes qui y ont été impliqués et les modalités selon lesquelles elle a pu être conjurée ou surmontée. Héritant d'un genre sans pouvoir s'y conformer encore, les hommes en ont redessiné les contours, le système normatif reçu demeurant paradoxalement rémanent dans son obsolescence et toujours opérant dans ses propres redéfinitions. Donnant de percevoir des réalités d'ordre anthropologique, les textes qui constituent la tradition poétique latine semblent appeler une démarche critique qui, refusant l'inféodation au seul postulat de l'immanence du sens, tienne compte aussi de l'effraction de leur clôture</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">At the end of the Republic and under the Princedom period, societal mutations made it much harder for a uir to adjust to the main behavioral criteria handed over to him as defining his gender. As the warlike ideal was getting questioned, it also became increasingly difficult for uirtus to express itself in political life. Thanks to the emphasis laid on situations in which we can observe a transgression of the norms likely to give form to male identity and thanks to the generic and aesthetic phenomena affecting these texts, poetical works reveal the masculinity crisis that occured in Rome at the time, how it worked and how it was defeated and overcome. Having inherited a gender without being able to conform to it any longer, man reshaped its outlines. Then, paradoxically, the set of norms that he had received didn't disappear in spite of its obsolescence and remained valid through its own redefinitions. The texts constituting the tradition of Latin poetry make it possible to perceive realities of an anthropological nature and seem to invite to a critical approach with, going beyond the internal meaning those works can have independently from their context, also takes into account their transitivity</dcterms:abstract>
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