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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Histoires et poétiques de la ville : représentations de Paris et Londres dans la deuxième moitié des Lumières</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Histories and poetics of the city : representations of Paris and London in the second half of Enlightenment</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Récit de voyage</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Architecture</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Embellissement</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Espace public</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cité idéale</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Représentation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Poétique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Imaginaire</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Travelogue</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Architecture</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Urban improvement</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Public sphere</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Ideal city</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Representation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Poetics</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Imaginary</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Paris et Londres offrent des sites privilégiés pour l’observation du nouveau regard porté sur la ville à la fin de l’époque des Lumières. Notre démonstration, basée sur des récits de voyage, des traités d’architecture et d’autres écrits sur la ville, vise à élaborer une histoire culturelle et littéraire de la ville à travers un volet de coopération histoire/poétique des représentations. Dans un premier temps, l’étude des projets urbains formulés à Paris et à Londres permet de dégager deux modalités complémentaires du rapport au phénomène urbain : la magnificence publique et l’utilité publique. Entre ces deux pôles émergent les concepts d’embellissement et d’improvement qui relèvent d’un imaginaire artistique et, respectivement, technique. En outre, cette réflexion générale sur l’aménagement urbain favorise l’émergence d’un espace public des savoirs, observée à travers deux cartes des lieux de savoirs à Paris et à Londres, élaborées par nos soins.Dans un deuxième temps, nous esquissons une poétique comparée de la ville qui permet de montrer l’imbrication des enjeux esthétiques et épistémologiques dans la description urbaine. D’une part, l’émergence de la théorie du caractère en architecture explique le lien entre les processus de lecture de la ville, la pratique de la réunion des arts et l’embellissement urbain. D’autre part, l’analyse comparée des différentes descriptions urbaines fait ressortir la circulation des modèles descriptifs de la ville. Le modèle de la cité idéale en particulier démontre parfaitement le réseau subtil de connivences qui se tissent à cette époque entre les formes urbaines et les formes discursives.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The two great European capitals, Paris and London, are emblematic of the phenomenon of urban growth in the second half of the Enlightenment. The aim of our study, based on travelogues, architectural treatises and other writings on the two cities, is to elaborate a cultural and literary history of Paris and London by means of a multiple approach of the concept of representation which combines history and poetics. On the one hand, the analysis of the urban projects designed for Paris and London allows us to pinpoint two complementary manners of conceiving the city: public magnificence and public utility. Between these two poles emerge the concepts of embellissement and (urban) improvement which stem from an artistic and, respectively, technical urban imaginary. Moreover, the general debate on urban improvement fosters the emergence of a public sphere of science, demonstrated through two maps of places of science in Paris and London, conceived for the purposes of this study.On the other hand, a poetic approach of these urban representations shows the overlapping of aesthetic and epistemological issues. Firstly, the emergence of the architectural concept of character accounts for the link between the process of reading the city, the collaboration of arts at this time and urban improvement. Secondly, the comparative analysis of different types of urban descriptions allows us to demonstrate the circulation of several descriptive patterns, among which the pattern of the ideal city is the perfect embodiment of the subtle connections between urban forms and forms of discourse in the second half of the Enlightenment.</dcterms:abstract>
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